Memoirs of Mr. Hempher, The British Spy to the Middle East Memoirs of Mr. Hempher, The British Spy to the Middle East or Confessions of a British Spy is a document purporting to be the account by an 18th-century British agent, Hempher, of his instrumental role in founding the conservative Islamic reform movement of Wahhabism , as part of a conspiracy to corrupt Islam. It first appeared in 1888, in Turkish , in the five-volume Mir'at al-Haramayn of Ayyub Sabri Pasha (who is thought to be the actual author by at least one scholar). [1] It has been described as " apocryphal ", [2] and "an Anglophobic variation on The Protocols of the Elders of Zion ". [2] It has been widely translated and disseminated, is available on the internet, [3] [4] [5] [6] and still enjoys some currency among some individuals in the Middle East and beyond. In 2002, an Iraqi military intelligence officer, in a "top s...
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